Firefighters sprayed water at a first-floor window during the incident, with smoke coming out of the property around 4.20pm.
Emergency services left the scene at 6pm with no reports of any injuries.
A Police Scotland spokesperson said: “Around 12.20pm on Friday police received a report of concern for a person in the Watson Street area of Cowdenbeath.
“Emergency services attended and the incident was contained with no injuries or risk to the wider public.
“A 30-year-old man has been arrested and charged in connection with a disturbance and is due to appear at Dunfermline Sheriff Court on Monday.”